Multi-omics approaches to decipher bioactive compounds in Ocimum spp

• Genomic Insights : Identification of genes responsible for the biosynthesis of essential oils and secondary metabolites in Ocimum spp. • Transcriptomic Regulation : Discovery of key regulatory pathways controlling phytochemical synthesis under various environmental conditions. • Proteomic Contributions : Understanding enzyme functions involved in the biosynthesis of medicinally relevant compounds. • Metabolomic Profiling : Comprehensive characterization of bioactive compounds, enhancing knowledge of phytochemical diversity. • Multi-Omics Integration : Facilitating the discovery of novel phytochemicals with pharmaceutical applications in drug discovery and medicinal research. Ocimum spp., commonly known as basil, are medicinal plants rich in bioactive compounds with therapeutic potential. Recent advancements in omics technologies—genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics—have provided deeper insights into the phytochemical diversity of Ocimum . Genomic sequencing has unveiled genes responsible for the biosynthesis of essential oils and secondary metabolites, while transcriptomics has identified key regulatory pathways under various environmental conditions. Proteomics aids in understanding enzyme functions involved in phytochemical synthesis, and metabolomics enables comprehensive profiling of bioactive compounds. Integrating these omics approaches facilitates the discovery of novel phytochemicals with pharmaceutical applications. This review highlights the role of multi-omics in characterizing the phytochemical complexity of Ocimum spp. and its implications for medicinal research and drug discovery.