Case Report: Rare vulvar myofibroblastoma

Vulvar Myofibroblastoma is a rare mesenchymal tissue tumor originating from myofibroblasts, with an unclear pathogenesis and biological behavior considered to be of uncertain malignant potential or low-grade malignancy. To investigate the clinical and pathological features of vulvar myofibroblastoma, a retrospective study was conducted on a rare case of vulvar myofibroblastoma admitted to Hangzhou Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital. The patient was an elderly woman who presented with a 3-day history of a vulvar mass. Following initial examination, she underwent vulvar mass resection. Postoperative pathology suggested a myofibroblastic tumor with biological behavior of uncertain malignant potential or low-grade malignancy. As postoperative imaging evaluation indicated residual tumor, the patient subsequently underwent wide local excision of the vulva, which confirmed the diagnosis of vulvar myofibroblastoma. Short-term follow-up showed good recovery with no signs of recurrence or metastasis. In summary, for the diagnosis of rare vulvar myofibroblastoma, imaging examinations can help determine the tumor's location, size, and relationship with surrounding tissues, but definitive diagnosis relies on histopathology. Treatment should aim for complete resection during the initial surgery. Given the uncertainty of its biological behavior, establishing a strict long-term follow-up mechanism is crucial for monitoring recurrence and ensuring the patient's long-term prognosis.