Multiple AMMI models investigation to decipher the genotype by environment (G×E) interaction in sugarcane interspecific hybrids for yield and quality traits

Genotype × Environment interaction for yield and quality traits was studied in 19 sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) genotypes, including 16 test entries and three varieties, assessed using a Randomized Block Design with three replications at Ponni Sugars, Erode, during 2023-24 and 2024-25 as first plant, second plant and ratoon crops. Combined ANOVA revealed significant genotype and environmental effects, with notable G × E interactions for Single Cane Weight (SCW), Cane Yield (CY), Number of Millable canes (NMC), Cane length (CL), and Commercial cane sugar yield (CCSY). CY had significant positive association with NMC (r = 0.49**), CCSY (r = 0.89**) and CL (r = 0.31*). Among different AMMI models, R-AMMI-LM model provided better data analysis, showing lower residuals and RMSE, with yielding higher variance explanation for traits under study. Biplot analysis revealed that Co 15002, Co 19002, Co 15017, and Co 20010 were stable for cane yield, while Co 20010, Co 20005, and Co 21004 were identified for CCS yield stability at 360 days. The stability parameters, MASI, MASV and SIPC values revealed genotypes Co 15020, Co 19002, Co 15017 and Co 20010 with highest stability for cane yield whereas Co 20010, Co 20005, Co 21004 and Co 15020 were recognized as stable for CCSY. Considering stability and yield for each trait, SSI identified Co 15017, Co 14012, and Co 15020 for higher cane yield with stability and Co 20010, Co 86032, and Co 15017 for higher CCS yield with stability. Co 11015, Co 15020, Co 20009, Co 20011, and Co 21007 are highly stable with higher mean value for sucrose % and CCS % at 300 days and identified as early maturing group. Multiple analysis revealed clones, Co 15017 and Co 14012 are as highly stable with good cane and CCS yields and found comparable to local standard, Co 86032 for 12th month cultivation.