Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Nicotine Dependence: A Brief Review with Focus on Emerging Non-Tobacco Products

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is a noninvasive treatment that has shown promise in reducing nicotine cravings and the risk of relapse. While TMS has been effective for treating tobacco use disorder, its application to newer modes of nicotine delivery, such as vaping and nicotine pouches, is understudied. This article highlights the need for updated TMS protocols that are responsive to current trends in nicotine use, especially in younger populations. Expanded research including a wide range of nicotine products will increase the generalizability and clinical relevance of TMS for the treatment of nicotine dependence.