Comparative Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of Three Universal Bonding Agents Against Streptococcus mutans on Demineralized Dentin: An In Vitro Study

Universal bonding agents possess inherent antibacterial properties against <i>S. mutans</i> on demineralized dentin, with efficacy varying according to formulation and pH profile. Although not as potent as chlorhexidine, these agents may contribute to residual bacterial control in minimally invasive restorations, potentially lowering the risk of secondary caries. Long-term in vivo studies are required to confirm their clinical relevance.