Design and validation of remote collaboration modes for part manufacturing under reduced workforce conditions

Abstract Manufacturing environments show limited telework adoption due to production requirements regarding physical interaction. Existing research addresses isolated remote collaboration aspects but lacks comprehensive integration frameworks with practical implementation pathways. This research focuses on a telework framework for part manufacturing through human-centered design. The framework combines storyboards depicting advanced integration scenarios with a low-effort implementation, meaning no machine control modifications required, utilizing existing infrastructure: camera systems, screen-based parameter acquisition, and VPN-based remote access. Validation through systematic testing with one operator performing ten manufacturing cycles under traditional and remote modes demonstrated 36% reduction in manual on-site time requirements. Three additional experiments validated operational capabilities: multi-machine coordination showed 50% reduction in physical movement, expert assistance demonstrated 50% task completion time reduction, and CNC program modification indicated improved troubleshooting effectiveness through integrated remote access. Results establish that low-effort telework integration provides measurable operational benefits while maintaining production quality. The framework addresses workforce shortages and operational flexibility requirements, providing foundations for advanced capabilities including predictive maintenance and automated monitoring.