REVIEW ON MICROSPONGE-BASED TOPICAL DELIVERY: A NOVEL APPROACH FOR IMPROVED ANTI-INFLAMMATORY THERAPY

The microsponge delivery system is a novel polymer-based approach developed to improve the performance of topical drug delivery. It comprises highly cross-linked, porous microspheres that can encapsulate active substances and release them in a controlled manner over an extended duration after application to the skin. This controlled release behaviour provides multiple advantages, such as prolonged therapeutic activity, reduced incidence of skin irritation, better patient compliance, and enhanced thermal, physical, and chemical stability of the formulation. Microsponges are prepared using various manufacturing techniques, including liquid–liquid suspension polymerization and emulsion-based processes. These methods generate a porous internal structure that enables regulated diffusion of the active ingredients. Owing to their distinctive characteristics, microsponges are widely incorporated into dermatological and cosmetic dosage forms such as creams, gels, powders, and lotions. Furthermore, microsponge systems are capable of encapsulating a broad range of pharmaceutical and cosmetic agents, including anti-inflammatory drugs, skin-brightening agents, sunscreens, and anti-aging compounds. A major advantage of this delivery system is its ability to enhance drug penetration into the skin while minimizing irritation, which makes it particularly suitable for formulations intended for sensitive skin. The sustained-release nature of microsponges also ensures prolonged therapeutic efficacy, thereby reducing the frequency of application. This review highlights microsponge technology with emphasis on its preparation methods, advantages, benefits, characteristics, evaluation parameters, and drug release mechanisms in topical drug delivery systems.