Evolution of Gonadal Management in Complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome: A 25-Year Retrospective Cohort Study from a Dedicated Differences of Sex Development Service
An increasing proportion of individuals with CAIS are choosing to retain their gonads rather than have postpubertal gonadectomy. Malignancy incidence in this cohort was low, consistent with recent literature. Further work should explore decision-making factors and how gonadal function and malignancy risk in CAIS change through adulthood.
Authors
- Andreas Kalampalikis (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4770-6284)
- Philomena Da Silva (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8600-0209)
- Sophie Clarke (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5426-2941)
- Hazel Isabella Learner (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4001-4920)
Institutions
- University College Hospital (GB)
- University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (GB)
- University Hospital Lewisham (GB)
- University College London (GB)
- Lear (United States) (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology
- Published
- 2026-02-01
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpag.2026.02.007
- Primary Topic
- Sexual Differentiation and Disorders
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00