Attosecond Visible Pulse Generation via Hollow-Core Fiber Broadening and Light Field Synthesis: The Role of Second- and Third-Order Dispersion

The attosecond (10−18 s) light pulse represents the fastest time scale currently mastered by the scientific community, which enables the observation of electron dynamics within atoms and molecules, offering powerful tools to probe chemical reaction mechanisms and advance research in photovoltaic materials and biological processes. In this work, we investigate the generation of visible attosecond optical pulses via spectral broadening in Hollow-Core Fiber (HCF), followed by coherent recombination using a Three-Channel Light Field Synthesizer (TCLFS). The influence of the input pulse duration on Group Delay Dispersion (GDD), Third-Order Dispersion (TOD), and spectral broadening is systematically analyzed. Furthermore, the effects of GDD, TOD, and the carrier–envelope phase (CEP) on waveform synthesis are quantitatively examined for the first time. These findings provide valuable insights into dispersion management strategies essential for developing high-quality visible attosecond light sources, paving the way for future applications in ultrafast spectroscopy and light field-driven electron dynamics.