Exploring the Synergistic Effects of Probiotics and Phytochemicals in the Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

Introduction: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder that affects women globally. It is generally associated with reproductive problems. Symptoms include obesity, hyperandrogenism, and infertility. By controlling hormone balance and inflammation, probiotics, phytochemicals, and therapeutic approaches that target the gut-brain axis have demonstrated promise in symptom reduction. The prevalence of PCOS varies between 2% and 26%. According to the WHO, globally, 116 million women (3.4% of the female population) are affected by PCOS. Methods: All provided literature on PCOS and probiotics and phytochemicals was searched using various electronic databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Elsevier, Springer, ACS, CNKI, and books via the keywords Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), Hormone Imbalance, Probiotics and Phytochemicals, Insulin Resistance, and Gut-Brain Axis. Results: Results from preclinical research show that combined probiotics and phytochemical therapies can improve hormonal profiles, insulin sensitivity, and reproductive parameters. Promising outcomes in menstrual regularity, androgen levels, and fertility outcomes are being observed in women with PCOS who are undergoing initial clinical trials investigating the safety and effectiveness of probiotic-phytochemical combinations. Discussion: With an emphasis on the combined mechanisms of action in preclinical and clinical studies, this review explores the synergistic effects of probiotics and phytochemicals in managing PCOS. Nonetheless, more investigation is necessary to improve treatment plans and confirm results in various demographics. Conclusion: This review suggested the therapeutic potential of phytochemicals and probiotics in PCOS management.