Influence of Pharmacological Agents on Orthodontic Tooth Movement: A Systematic Review
Pharmacological agents can influence orthodontic outcomes, particularly pain perception and tooth movement rate. A thorough medication history is essential during orthodontic treatment planning. Current evidence remains limited, highlighting the need for well-designed clinical trials to support personalized orthodontic care.
Authors
- Lucia Giannini (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3132-1750)
- Gianna DIPALMA
- Cinzia Maspero (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5930-1698)
- Federica Macrì
- Angelo Michele Inchingolo
- Francesco Inchingolo
Institutions
- University of Milan (IT)
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (IT)
- Health & Life (Taiwan) (TW)
- Link Campus University (IT)
- University of Bari Aldo Moro (IT)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Bioengineering
- Published
- 2026-02-14
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering13020224
- Primary Topic
- Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00