Mechanical performance of compact-spun yarn fabrics: toward functional knitwear

Purpose This study aims to examine the impact of compact spinning, an advanced modification of ring spinning, on the mechanical properties of knitted fabrics by comparing compact and conventional combed yarns to evaluate fabric stability, durability and performance. Design/methodology/approach Middle-staple cotton fiber was used to produce compact and conventional combed yarns with linear densities of 20/1 Ne, 30/1 Ne and 40/1 Ne. These yarns were then knitted into fabrics with three distinct structures: single jersey, rib and interlock. The mechanical properties, including drape ability, bending length, flexural rigidity, bending modulus, abrasion resistance and bursting strength, were rigorously evaluated to assess the comparative performance of compact-spun and conventional ring-spun yarns. Findings Results show that compact-spun yarns surpass conventional ring-spun yarns in all mechanical properties, yielding fabrics with higher drape, rigidity, abrasion resistance and bursting strength, thereby enhancing stability, stiffness and durability. Originality/value This study highlights the value of compact spinning as a method for producing high-quality yarn and fabric with optimized mechanical performance. The findings support the adoption of compact spinning technology in applications demanding advanced fabric performance, showcasing its effectiveness in producing durable, stable and resilient knitted fabrics.