Effects of Two Moderate-Intensity Aerobic Exercise Prescriptions on Inflammatory Cytokines and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Obese Hispanic Females

This study examined effects of two moderate-intensity aerobic exercise prescriptions on inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress biomarkers in middle-aged obese Hispanic females. Fifty-four subjects were randomly assigned to a lower-moderate intensity group (55% VO₂max, LT, n = 18), an upper-moderate intensity group (70% VO₂max, HT, n = 19), or a non-exercise control group (CON, n = 17). Blood samples collected before and after a 12-week intervention were analyzed for tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), adiponectin, C-reactive protein (CRP), total antioxidant status (TAS), and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). Body fat percentage (%BF) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) were assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. TNF-α significantly decreased in both LT (<i>p</i> = 0.004) and HT (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Significant increases in adiponectin (<i>p</i> = 0.001) and reductions in CRP (<i>p</i> < 0.001) were observed within the HT, whereas these changes were not significant within the LT. TAS significantly increased in both exercise groups (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and 8-OHdG significantly decreased in the HT (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and LT (<i>p</i> = 0.002). Both LT and HT demonstrated significant reductions in %BF (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and VAT (<i>p</i> < 0.05), with no significant changes in CON. Results indicate that moderate-intensity aerobic exercise improves inflammatory and oxidative stress profiles when total exercise volume is matched, regardless of differences in exercise intensity within the moderate range. Although post-intervention differences between groups were not statistically significant, the observation that CRP, adiponectin, and 8-OHdG changed significantly only within HT suggests that exercise intensity may influence biomarker responsiveness and warrants further investigation.