Heat and mass transfer analysis of Ree-Eyring nanofluid electroosmotic flow with nonlinear dual stratification following Debye-Hückel linearization approach

This study aims to analyze the flow of an electroosmotic Ree-Eyring nanofluid over an extended surface inclined at an angle in a permeable medium, with focus on applications in forecasting temperature and mixing patterns for thermal pollution control in aquatic environments. The electroosmotic potential is governed by the Debye–Hückel approximation. The defined system is transformed appropriately to produce the basic differential equations, which are then numerically solved using MATLAB's bvp4c algorithm. By taking into account nonlinear thermal and solutal stratifications, an element overlooked in earlier research, this model adds a substantial novelty. The combined effects of non-isothermal absorption/generation, nonlinear chemical reactions, and Joule heating are also taken into account. Its distinctiveness also includes the temperature-dependent characteristics of thermal conductivity and viscosity. The key results are analyzed using tabulated numerical values and graphical representations. The fluid motion is found to accelerate when the Helmholtz–Smoluchowski velocity increases the Coulomb force. The fluid concentration improves for higher chemical reactions. Thermal and solutal stratifications improve the respective heat and mass profiles. The fluid model authentication is performed by comparing it with the published work. The envisioned model finds applications in forecasting temperature and mixing patterns for controlling thermal pollution in aquatic environments.