The Structure and Dynamics of Agricultural Production in the European Union (2015-2024): A Factorial Correspondence Analysis

This study analyses the general structure and evolution of agricultural production recorded at European Union level between 2015 and 2024, using factorial correspondence analysis applied to statistical data taken from the Eurostat database. Key associations between Member States and the main production categories are thus identified, outlining the heterogeneous structural configuration present throughout the EU. The results obtained indicate distinct agricultural profiles between Western, Central and Eastern European countries, generated by significant disparities in technology, geopolitical particularities and agroclimatic conditions. Factor analysis effectively identifies multidimensional relationships and latent groups that define trends in EU agriculture over the last decade. The paper aims to outline future research directions, providing an integrated perspective that supports the development of policies and strategies based on efficient resource allocation and practices aimed at increasing resilience and food security.