Causes of Death in the Urology Department of the Libreville University Hospital Center

Introduction: There are many causes of death during hospitalization. Throughout this study, we will examine the main causes of death in the urology department at the Libreville university hospital center (CHUL). Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective, descriptive, single-center study conducted in the urology department of the CHUL from January 2020 to December 2025. All patients hospitalized in the urology department through the emergency room or outpatient consultation were included. The parameters studied were age, sex, medical and surgical history, pathology, treatment received, and length of hospital stay. Data were collected using a survey form based on patient hospitalization records and medical files. Results: A total of 1,265 patients were hospitalized during the study period, including 56 deaths, representing a mortality rate of 4.4%. The average age was 55.4 years. There was a predominance of males (49M/7F). Comorbidity factors dominated by high blood pressure and diabetes were found in 53.6% of patients. Cancer was the leading cause of hospitalization (69.6%), with prostate adenocarcinoma at the top of the list. In the majority of cases (58.9%), patients were admitted with a deterioration in their general condition. The average length of hospital stay was 16.4 days. Conclusion: Although there are many urological conditions, cancer, predominantly prostate cancer, remains the leading cause of death in the urology department of the Libreville University Hospital. Patients were often admitted in a state of general deterioration linked to a disease that was already at an advanced stage. An ongoing awareness and screening program should have an impact on this mortality rate in urology.