Mandibular metastasis of squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder: a very rare case report and literature review

Metastasis to the oral cavity is rare, making up 1% of all oral malignancies [1] . The most common primary cancers metastasising to the oral cavity are lung, prostate, kidney, and liver in men, and breast, adrenal glands, and genital organs in women [2] . Although bladder cancer is the 11th most common cancer in the UK, metastasis to the jaw is uncommon. Our review found 17 reported cases, mostly urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) metastasising to the mandible. We present what we believe to be the first case of squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder (SCCB) metastasising to the mandible in a female in her fourth decade. She presented with pain, swelling, and paraesthesia of the right mandible, alongside recurrent UTIs, intermittent self-catheterisation, and recent haematuria. SCCB was diagnosed with pelvic and abdominal lymph node metastasis, as well as bone involvement in the right acetabulum, right ischium, and mandible.