Overview of Telerehabilitation Methods – Systematic Review

<ns3:p>Introduction: Along with the rapid advancement of digital technology, the demand for its application in rehabilitation is growing. Innovative healthcare support solutions, for instance, telerehabilitation and remote monitoring, are beginning to play an increasingly important role. Telerehabilitation – defined as a branch of telecommunications utilising technologies such as the Internet – enables remote interaction between healthcare professionals and patients, overcoming geographic and logistical barriers. This allows patients to benefit from rehabilitation at home, which is of particular significance for those with limited mobility or living in remote areas.Objective: The aim of this review is to present interdisciplinary technological and organisational solutions that enable effective remote care for patients in their home environment.Methods: A systematic literature review using the PubMed and Medline databases was conducted. Applying Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), the keywords "telerehabilitation" and "telemedicine" were used, as well as the following MeSH filters: English (3,416 articles), date range 2020-2025 (2,468 articles), full text available (2,412 articles), randomised clinical trial (259 articles) and adults (112 articles). The database search was conducted from 13-29 Mar. 2025.Results: The analysis covers both technical aspects, such as digital platforms, wearable devices and artificial intelligence systems, as well as clinical aspects, emphasizing the role of telemedicine in personalising therapy for various conditions. Also discussed are the challenges associated with implementing these solutions, such as the need to ensure adequate remote monitoring, patient acceptance and integration of new systems with existing healthcare infrastructure. The presented examples of interdisciplinary projects demonstrate how collaboration between physiotherapists, engineers and IT specialists can improve patients' quality of life, reduce the burden on the healthcare system and increase the availability of medical services.Conclusions: In this review, various areas of telerehabilitation application are highlighted, underscoring its advantages and disadvantages, but above all, the presenting the remote monitoring methods currently available. Telerehabilitation is an interesting field worth developing, but at present, there are no standard procedures or protocols for its widespread use. The development of telerehabilitation requires further research and interdisciplinary collaboration to meet the growing needs of society. Therefore, additional research is required to improve equipment as well as electronic devices, and to ensure maximum flexibility in their use so that telerehabilitation can be implemented into standard physiotherapy procedures. This approach should significantly increase the reliability and effectiveness of telerehabilitation equipment in the treatment of specific individuals and syndromes. A crucial aspect in the future success of telerehabilitation is the appropriate training of physiotherapists involved in this form of intervention and of patients themselves before beginning telerehabilitation, which can lead to more effective therapy and a reduction in the number of uncontrolled, adverse events.</ns3:p>