A methodology for prefabrication system choice in Egyptian schools’ construction

Rapid population growth in Egypt has intensified the demand for scalable, cost-effective, and time-efficient school construction solutions. Prefabrication offers significant potential in this regard; however, the lack of a structured, context-specific system-selection framework has limited its effective implementation. This study develops a decision-support framework tailored to conventional public-school buildings with standardized corridor-based classroom layouts, the predominant school design typology in Egypt. A mixed-method approach integrating literature review, case studies, and stakeholder surveys was used to identify key evaluation criteria. These criteria were incorporated into a Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) framework, with Relative Importance Index (RII) derived weights, and the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) was applied to generate a systematic, evidence-informed comparative ranking of prefabrication systems currently available in the Egyptian market. Results indicate that compliance with local laws and regulations, structural and technical performance, educational and functional suitability, and adaptability to future development are the most influential decision criteria. Light Gauge Steel Framing (LGS) demonstrates the highest overall suitability for the defined school context, followed closely by hybrid systems and precast reinforced concrete panel systems. The framework offers evidence-informed guidance for policymakers, architects, and engineers, supporting early-stage, structured decision-making for efficient, sustainable, and high-quality school infrastructure development in Egypt and comparable developing contexts. Differences in system rankings are interpreted as comparative tendencies rather than absolute superiority, emphasizing context-specific applicability.