Unpacking Political Dilemmas in Tourism Governance: Accountability, Transparency and Resource Allocation in Mandalika, Indonesia

This study examines the political dilemma in tourism governance in Mandalika, Indonesia, focusing on three key components: accountability, transparency, and resource allocation. This research aims to reframe the role of political activity to align with the principles of community benefit and justice. Data collection was conducted through a survey from August to September 2025, with 465 questionnaires distributed. A total of 444 questionnaires (95.48%) were deemed valid, while 21 (4.52%) did not meet the criteria and were excluded from the analysis. Data were analyzed through Microsoft Excel and SmartPLS version 4.1.1. The results show that a serious political problem leads to less freedom in how things are managed, making it harder to trust the systems for accountability, transparency, and resources in tourism governance. This condition is closely related to the dominance of the central authority, which holds significant control over the tourism industry and positions it as a national strategic sector. Consequently, the limited policy flexibility and strict restrictions of the tourism management framework leave local authorities and communities with limited maneuvering options. Statistical testing supports significant relationships, both direct and indirect. This study recommends more genuine and balanced integration between national and local authorities to create mutually beneficial opportunities, strengthen sustainability, and enhance international competitiveness through multi-stakeholder engagement in more inclusive governance. This research employs a quantitative, exploratory approach to elucidate the political dynamics and constraints that limit the involvement of local tourism authorities and communities in tourism management in Mandalika, Indonesia.