Revealing Ambipolar Charge Transport in BTBT‐Based D–A–D Molecules via Photo‐MIS‐CELIV Measurements
ABSTRACT [1]Benzothieno[3,2‐b][1]benzothiophene (BTBT) and its tetraoxide derivative [1]benzothieno[3,2‐b]benzothiophene‐tetraoxide (BTBTOx 4 ) are among the most interesting planar building blocks for constructing p‐type and n‐type transporting materials for organic optoelectronic devices. Herein, we report a study of six recently synthetized small molecules, namely PTz 2 ‐BTBT , PTz 2 ‐BTBTOx 4 , MPA 2 ‐BTBT , MPA 2 ‐BTBTOx 4 , POCz 2 ‐BTBT , and POCz 2 ‐BTBTOx 4 , designed as donor–acceptor–donor (D–A–D) structures. These compounds combine BTBT and BTBTOx 4 as electron‐accepting fused‐ring cores with phenothiazine, bis(4‐methoxyphenyl)amine, and 3,6‐bis(4‐(octyloxy)phenyl)‐9H‐carbazole as electron‐donating end groups. The differences in electrochemistry, electronic molecular structures, and charge carrier mobilities of the six compounds are systematically studied. BTBTOX 4 ‐based compounds exhibit an ambipolar character and can serve as effective electron‐ and hole‐transport materials for organic‐based devices, showing also higher conductivity compared to the BTBT counterpart. On the contrary, the BTBT‐based compounds show mainly a hole transport behavior but higher mobility.
Authors
- Antonio Cardone (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6865-3524)
- Mauro Leoncini (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6473-0761)
- Giuseppe Gigli
- Vincenzo Maiorano (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1332-1714)
- Antonio Maggiore (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1808-4778)
- Maria Montrone
- Piotr Pander
- Salvatore Gambino
- Umberto Berardi
Institutions
- Silesian University of Technology (PL)
- University of Salento (IT)
- Durham University (GB)
- Istituto di Nanotecnologia (IT)
- Institute for the Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds (IT)
- Polytechnic University of Bari (IT)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Advanced Electronic Materials
- Published
- 2026-02-01
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.202500541
- Primary Topic
- Organic Electronics and Photovoltaics
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- European Commission
- Durham University
- China University of Petroleum, Beijing