PD-1 Inhibitors in Orbital and Periocular Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Review
PD-1 inhibitors show strong efficacy and acceptable safety in periocular and orbital cSCC, offering a potential globe-sparing alternative to exenteration. Further studies are needed to refine treatment selection and timing.
Authors
- Elana Meer (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1100-4923)
- Laura N. Smith (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3687-3148)
- Bryan J. Winn (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5609-3723)
- Jonathan E. Lu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0905-8255)
- Alythia Vo
- Seanna R. Grob
- Michelle Zhang
Institutions
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- University of California, Irvine (US)
- Orbital Research (United States) (US)
- Aesthetic Surgery Center (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
- Published
- 2026-02-13
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1097/iop.0000000000003183
- Primary Topic
- Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer Studies
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00