Investigating the Synergistic Effect of the Cannabis Extract PHEC-66 and Chemotherapeutic Agents on Human Melanoma Cells

Melanoma is a malignant neoplasm that originates from melanocytes. It continues to pose a significant challenge in oncology due to its aggressive nature and limited treatment options. This study investigates the potential additive effects of PHEC-66, a cannabis extract, in combination with conventional chemotherapeutic agents auranofin, docetaxel, and cisplatin on the viability of a range of melanoma cell lines. These combinations were evaluated using the MTT assay on MM418-C1, MM329, C32, and D24 melanoma cells. There was a nuanced response observed when PHEC-66 was combined with docetaxel and auranofin in these cells, suggesting a potential additive effect. Contrastingly, the combination of PHEC-66 with cisplatin elicited an antagonistic effect, wherein the expected cytotoxicity of this drug was compromised. This unexpected interaction may stem from complex interplays between the agents that influence drug uptake, DNA damage response, and cell survival pathways. These findings underscore the importance of careful selection and assessment of drug combinations, as an additive effect and antagonistic interactions can significantly impact therapeutic outcomes. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the molecular mechanisms behind these interactions and to validate these observations using in vivo models.