Belotecan in ovarian cancer anti-inflammatory potential and mechanistic insight to nano-formulations

Abstract Background Ovarian cancer is a major gynecologic malignancy with high morbidity and mortality rates. Current treatment options have limited long-term effectiveness due to tumor resistance and significant side effects. Main body This article explores the potential of belotecan, a derivative of camptothecin, as a promising therapeutic agent for ovarian cancer. Belotecan’s ability to inhibit topoisomerase I, induce DNA damage, and modulate inflammation positions it as a strong candidate for enhancing ovarian cancer treatment. However, challenges such as poor bioavailability, rapid systemic clearance, and dose-limiting toxicity remain. To overcome these issues, nano-formulation strategies are proposed to improve pharmacokinetics, solubility, and tumor-specific targeting. These strategies may enhance belotecan's stability, increase its therapeutic efficacy, and minimize off-target effects. Conclusion This review provides a detailed examination of belotecan’s molecular mechanisms, its anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties, and the advances in nano-formulation technologies. The integration of these strategies could lead to more effective treatments and improved outcomes for ovarian cancer patients. Graphical abstract