Influence of adjuvants on hexazinone efficacy for smut grass ( <i>Sporobolus spp.</i> ) management

Abstract Research was conducted to evaluate the influence of adjuvants on hexazinone efficacy for smut grass control in greenhouse and field conditions. The greenhouse experiment was established in 2023 with two runs, comprising hexazinone at 1.12 kg ai ha -1 , applied alone or with adjuvants (Grounded, NanoPro, and Sorbyx), and six simulated rainfall accumulation volumes (0, 6, 12, 25, 50, and 100 mm). In field trials, hexazinone was applied at 1.12 kg ai ha -1 with different adjuvants (BREAK-THRU, Grounded, NanoPro, and Sorbyx), and a non-treated control to small smut grass at Marianna, FL, in 2022 and 2023, and giant smut grass at Ona, FL, in 2022 and 2023. In the greenhouse experiment, the addition of all adjuvants to hexazinone improved efficacy, resulting in &gt;78% control (30 DAT), &lt;50% biomass (% of the non-treated control 30 DAT), and little to no regrowth by 60 DAT; applying hexazinone without an adjuvant resulted in &lt;70% control (30 DAT), &gt;52% biomass, and regrowth by 60 DAT. Similarly, adding Grounded, NanoPro, and Sorbyx to hexazinone in the field resulted in &gt;63% smut grass density reduction. However, adding BREAK-THRU to hexazinone did not enhance its efficacy. Adjuvants Grounded, NanoPro, and Sorbyx enhanced the effectiveness of hexazinone in both the greenhouse and the field, indicating their potential for effective smut grass management.