Expert consensus on the selection of surgical treatment modalities for hepatocellular carcinoma (fourth revision)

Abstract In China, the incidence and mortality rates of hepatocellular carcinoma (commonly referred to as liver cancer) are relatively high. To further standardize the surgical treatment of liver cancer, the Liver Surgery Group of Chinese Society of Surgery took the lead in 2000 in formulating and releasing the selection of surgical treatment modalities for primary hepatocellular carcinoma, which was subsequently revised three times in 2004, 2009, and 2016. In recent years, with the rapid advancement of medical science and technology, new concepts and treatment modalities have continuously emerged. Based on this, the Liver Surgery Group of Chinese Society of Surgery convened all committee members of the group, along with other leading domestic experts in liver surgery, to revise the fourth edition of the Expert Consensus on the Selection of Surgical Treatment Modalities for Hepatocellular Carcinoma, incorporating the latest advances in surgical treatment of liver cancer, ultimately resulting in the fifth edition of the Expert Consensus on the Selection of Surgical Treatment Modalities for Hepatocellular Carcinoma, intended for reference by physicians engaged in the diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer.