Collagen-Based Delivery Systems for the Prevention of Alveolitis: A Narrative Review and Rationale for Biopharmaceutical Development Requirements

Alveolitis remains a common postoperative complication following tooth extraction, characterized by inflammation and delayed socket healing. Collagen-based materials have shown promise in promoting tissue regeneration and reducing inflammation. This review evaluates the efficacy of collagen in the prevention of alveolitis, with a focus on the development and application of topical delivery systems such as gels and collagen sponges. Special attention is given to the local application of these systems within the extraction socket and their performance under oral conditions. The study analyzes current evidence on the pathogenesis of alveolitis, the biological properties of collagen relevant to wound healing, and pharmaceutical strategies for enhancing its clinical effectiveness. The findings support the feasibility of using biodegradable, site-specific collagen-based formulations for alveolitis prevention. Such systems may provide a prolonged therapeutic effect, stabilize blood clots, reduce microbial contamination, and support angiogenesis and osteogenesis throughout the healing process. This approach offers a promising direction for improving post-extraction management protocols in dental surgery.