What makes for great entrepreneurial journalism? A content analysis of 24 award-winning journalism startups, 2021-2024

This study examines the defining characteristics of successful entrepreneurial journalism by analyzing 24 award and grant-winning journalism startups recognized between 2021 and 2024 by The Next Challenge for Media & Journalism , and the Nonprofit News Awards . These programs celebrate innovative ventures that are reinventing media and journalism. Through a content analysis, we identify the operational strategies, content models, audience engagement practices, and revenue streams that distinguish these successful startups. We find that storytelling within these ventures often incorporates solutions-oriented, collaborative, and participatory narratives that deepen audience engagement. Innovation emerged as a central driver of success, with some startups leveraging AI for enhanced content curation and immersive storytelling, while others emphasize hyperlocal and community-centric reporting. Many of the studied winners excelled in blending conventional journalistic practices with market-savvy revenue strategies, such as subscriptions, crowdfunding, affiliate marketing, and partnerships with technology platforms. The study also reveals a strong emphasis on mission-driven journalism that often targets underserved communities or addresses critical social issues.