Optimizing the Diagnosis of Ureteral Complications After Kidney Transplantation Using Retrograde Multidetector Computed Tomography Urography: A Case Series

Ureteral complications remain a significant cause of morbidity following kidney transplantation and may threaten graft survival if not diagnosed promptly. Retrograde multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) urography has emerged as a valuable imaging modality for detailed evaluation of the transplant ureter. This case series highlights the role of retrograde MDCT urography in the assessment of post-transplant ureteral complications, particularly urine leaks and ureteral obstructions, in patients with inconclusive or non-diagnostic ultrasound findings. In the presented cases, retrograde MDCT urography accurately localized the site and extent of ureteral leaks, facilitated timely therapeutic decision-making, and contributed to preservation of graft function. The technique provided high spatial resolution and comprehensive anatomical visualization of the collecting system and ureter. These observations support the role of retrograde MDCT urography as a reliable and effective adjunct imaging modality of the diagnostic algorithm for renal transplant recipients with suspected urological complications.