Exofacial Epitope–Specific Antibodies Detect GLUT4 Translocation in Adult Human, Rat, and Mouse Skeletal Muscle
Reliable quantification of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) translocation in intact skeletal muscle is essential for understanding insulin and exercise responses but remains technically challenging. We aimed to test whether exofacial GLUT4 antibodies can specifically detect sarcolemmal GLUT4 translocation in fixed, nonpermeabilized muscle fibers from humans and rodents. GLUT4 translocation in response to insulin, AMPK activation, and exercise was detectable in human and rodent muscles. Insulin-stimulated translocation correlated with 2-deoxyglucose uptake and was abolished in TBC1D4-knockout muscle. Exofacial GLUT4 antibodies enable straightforward, specific quantification of endogenous GLUT4 translocation in rodent and human muscles in healthy and insulin-resistant states.
Authors
- Gregory D. Cartee (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5311-1722)
- Jonas R. Knudsen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5471-491X)
- Erik A. Richter (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6850-3056)
- Thomas E. Jensen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6139-8268)
- Carol A. Witczak (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4165-4740)
- Haiyan Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8285-228X)
- Magnus R. Leandersson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7516-1712)
- Kaspar W. Persson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9557-3503)
- Christian T. Voldstedlund (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6368-8995)
- Seongeun Kwak
- Jørgen F.P. Wojtaszewski
- Lukas W. Frandsen
- Casper Fjeldsøe
Institutions
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- University of Michigan (US)
- Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Diabetes
- Published
- 2026-02-13
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.2337/db25-0567
- Primary Topic
- Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00