Integrated Thinking and Reporting in SMEs: Piloting-Phase Results of an International Educational Project in Poland

Abstract Purpose This paper elaborates on the potential of integrating thinking and the challenges of Integrated Reporting (IR) in SMEs. Based on the piloting-phase results of the INTEREST project, we present the lessons learned from participants' experiences. Design/methodology/approach The primary data for the research study was collected using a questionnaire. We use single-country evidence and apply the dialectical constructivist approach. Findings Integrated thinking is still in its infancy in SMEs; thus, IR is not a common reporting practice. Our evidence suggests that data collection and materiality assessment were the most challenging tasks in developing integrated reports. The data obtained in SMEs contains gaps due to simplified record-keeping and reporting, causing problems in accessing relevant information, especially that of a non-financial nature, needed in integrated reporting. Practical implications IR implementation often requires changes in ways of thinking around business. Dialectical constructivism highlights the contextual nature of knowledge construction and prepares the participants of the IR process to adjust their newly-acquired knowledge to fit the conditions of specific SMEs. Social implications Critical thinking and reflection led the project participants to question the underlying assumptions of IR materials and encouraged them to express their opinions about the piloting process. Addressing sustainability challenges through the adoption of IR by SMEs thus delivers shared value on both societal and environmental levels. Originality/value The study provides real-world, practice-based insights into the process of creating integrated reports in SMEs. We used the original educational materials, methods, and tools developed within the INTEREST project to train the participants.