GLP-1 Is Not Enough: Can Glucagon Fill the Energy Expenditure Gap?

Glucagon may complement the appetite-suppressing effects of GLP-1 by engaging metabolic pathways that promote catabolism and EE. While preclinical evidence is strong, human data remain limited and context dependent. Further work is needed to elucidate the mechanisms of emerging GLP-1R/GCGR co-agonists and to determine whether combining appetite suppression with the catabolic effects of glucagon can achieve durable, lean mass-sparing weight loss in people living with obesity.