Efficacy of Probiotic Treatment in Alcoholic Liver Disease: A Systematic Review of Animal Studies

Although the preclinical literature suggests hepatoprotective effects of probiotics in experimental ALD, these findings should be interpreted with caution due to the very low certainty of evidence. The observed benefits are limited by methodological shortcomings, indirectness inherent to animal models, and incomplete outcome reporting. This review provides a structured preclinical framework to inform the design of future translational studies and well-controlled clinical trials evaluating probiotics as potential adjunctive therapies in human ALD.