A Dynamic Sharding Blockchain Framework for Federated Learning in <scp>5G</scp> Edge Environments

ABSTRACT This paper introduces a novel federated learning framework that integrates dynamic blockchain sharding and Byzantine fault tolerance mechanisms (FL‐Sharding‐BFT). The proposed framework dynamically adjusts shard configurations based on node capacity and network conditions, reducing communication overhead and enhancing model synchronization. The Byzantine fault tolerance mechanism further ensures robustness by identifying and isolating malicious nodes during model aggregation. It also ensures stronger robustness and faster convergence, highlighting its scalability and security for federated learning in 5G edge networks.