Characterization and Typology of Hunting Dog Packs (Rehalas) and Breeder Management Practices in a Mediterranean Mountain System

This study aimed to characterize hunting dog packs (rehalas) and identify management typologies within a Mediterranean mountain system (Sierra Morena region of Córdoba). An ethno-demographic survey was designed and completed by 30 breeders. Descriptive statistics were used for general characterization, while variability assessment and typology identification were performed using multiple correspondence analysis and hierarchical clustering. The typical dog pack breeder was a 48-year-old man with extensive experience (28.5 years) and basic formal education. Dog packs comprised an average of 51.9 dogs, predominantly of the Large-sized Podenco Andaluz breed, participating in approximately 40 hunting events per year. Feeding practices commonly combine commercial feed with supplementary food items. Health management included routine deworming every six months, and 43% of breeders reported concern about leishmaniasis. Training generally began at around 14.5 months of age and followed regular weekly routines. Ten factors explained 82.4% of the observed variability, allowing the identification of three typologies: traditional, pragmatic, and non-organized. These findings underline the cultural, genetic, and socio-ecological relevance of dog packs as working groups in Mediterranean rural systems. The long-term sustainability of these systems depends on reinforcing selective breeding, improving health management, and safeguarding traditional practices adapted to each identified typology.