New insight into effects of integrated organic-inorganic fertilization on enhancing the rice straw productivity and silage quality

Objective:The objective of this study was to determine the comprehensive benefits of organicinorganic integrated fertilization for the rice straw production system, encompassing yield, forage nutritive value, silage fermentation quality, and economic returns.Methods: The field experiment followed a completely randomized design with six treatments, defined by the proportion of organic manure (OM) nitrogen substituting chemical fertilizer (CF) nitrogen: T0 (0%, unfertilized control), T1 (0% OM, 100% CF), T2 (25% OM, 75% CF), T3 (50% OM, 50% CF), T4 (75% OM, 25% CF), and T5 (100% OM, 0% CF), to assess their impacts on rice straw yield, forage quality, and silage fermentation.Economically, T2 also achieved the highest net benefit (2568 USDha -1 ). Conclusion:The 75% chemical plus 25% organic fertilizer regime represents a viable strategy for achieving agricultural sustainability, effectively supporting high grain production while simultaneously improving straw yield, quality, and silage fermentation, thereby delivering greater economic returns.