Effect of Hydrogen Peroxide Whitening Toothpastes on Color and Surface Properties of Micro-Hybrid Composite Resins: An In Vitro Study

Background: The use of dental composites is widespread, resulting in an inevitable increased demand for esthetic composites because of their aesthetic appeal and high durability. Nonetheless, achieving color stability in composites remains one of the primary challenges. On the other hand, the use of whitening toothpaste may affect the properties of composites. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the impact of hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2)-containing whitening toothpaste on the color change and surface roughness of Extra Bleach, Bleach, and A1 composites. Methods: This experimental study employed a quantitative research design. Samples of Extra Bleach, Bleach, and A1 composites were divided into 3 groups in a blinded manner. Color changes (ΔE) were measured using a spectrophotometer device, and the roughness of the sample’s surface (Ra) was determined using a laser profilometer. The data were analyzed using appropriate statistical tests. Results: Our results demonstrated a significant difference in surface roughness among the three composite groups. Additionally, this difference was significant between 1A and BW, as well as between 1A and XBW, although there was no significant difference between BW and XBW. The XBW shade revealed the highest surface roughness, while 1A exhibited the smallest increase. Regarding color stability, significant color changes were observed in all three composites. The lowest ΔE belonged to 1A, while the highest ΔE was related to XBW. Conclusion: It was found that H2 O2-containing whitening toothpaste increases surface roughness, with a greater increase in Bleach composites. The best color stability was detected in the 1A composite, followed by BW, whereas the least stability was observed in XBW. The findings confirmed that bleach composites have lower strength and color stability compared to the 1A composite.