Altered neurovascular coupling in patients with human immunodeficiency virus-associated asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment: a multimodal magnetic resonance imaging study

Patients with ANI exhibit abnormal CBF, FCS, and NVC. Compared with the resting-state paradigm, the movie paradigm was more sensitive in detecting neural functional abnormalities. The integration of multimodal neuroimaging indicators showed promising discriminative performance for ANI classification. NVC decoupling may represent a candidate neuroimaging marker of early ANI-related brain alterations and warrants longitudinal validation.