Mental Health Literacy

Abstract: Theoretical Background: Mental health literacy plays a crucial role in the recognition, prevention, and management of mental disorders, influencing how individuals and communities respond to mental health challenges. In Romania, despite recent progress, the lack of adequate mental health education and professional resources continues to hinder the effective recognition and treatment of mental health problems. This gap in education and service availability also affects adults, particularly parents and caregivers, whose understanding of mental health is essential for supporting children and adolescents experiencing difficulties. Objective: This study explores mental health literacy (MHL) among adults in Romania regarding five mental illnesses. We included three variants of depression (depression alone, depression with suicidal ideation, and depression with alcohol misuse) to reflect differing clinical presentations and public perceptions of depressive disorders, which may influence recognition and help-seeking behaviors. We selected social anxiety disorder and generalized anxiety disorder because of their high prevalence in youth and often underrecognized symptom profiles. Method: A total of 251 adults participated. The data collection tools included the Mental Health Literacy Questionnaire and a demographic information form. We analyzed the data using descriptive statistics. Results: Almost a third correctly identified diagnoses. Counseling and physical activity were common preventive strategies, with parental migration being the most cited cause of mental illness. Discussion and conclusion: There is a need for MHL training among the Romanian population. The focus of such training should not only be on key symptoms of common mental disorders, but also on relevant, supportive evidence-based interventions.