Prevalence of heterophoria, tropia, and near point of convergence abnormality in a high school student population in Erbil city center

Among Erbil's high school students, the prevalence of strabismus, particularly the exodeviation type, is relatively high, and a significant percentage of students have NPC abnormalities. Addressing and correcting these binocular vision problems, due to their associated visual symptoms, can lead to an improvement in students' quality of life and academic performance.