Good Clinical Practices for the Management of Post-Stroke Spasticity with BoNT-A: A Delphi-Based Approach from the Italian Expert Group
This Delphi study provides the first structured Italian expert recommendations for PSS management. Full consensus was reached in all 47 statements and in the Symptoms domain, particularly regarding pain, stiffness and heaviness, which highlights the importance of a structured framework to support consistent, individualized care. By standardizing patient assessment, treatment planning, and follow-up strategies, these findings provide a practical reference for clinicians.
Authors
- Paolo De Blasiis (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1317-7994)
- Carmelo Chisari
- Alessio Baricich (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8440-6283)
- Marzia Millevolte
- Patrizia Maria Caglioni (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1008-2607)
- Franco Molteni
- Andrea Santamato
- Alessandro Picelli
Institutions
- University of Foggia (IT)
- University of Verona (IT)
- Marche Polytechnic University (IT)
- Humanitas University (IT)
- University of Basilicata (IT)
- Ipsen (Italy) (IT)
- Ospedale Valduce (IT)
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital (IT)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Toxins
- Published
- 2026-02-11
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins18020094
- Primary Topic
- Botulinum Toxin and Related Neurological Disorders
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- Ipsen