Low Urine Uromodulin Levels are Associated With Interstitial Fibrosis and Tubular Atrophy in Native Kidney Biopsies

Interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IFTA) is a critical histological feature assessed in kidney biopsies, with its severity strongly correlating with long-term clinical outcomes, including progression to end-stage kidney disease.1-3 Although kidney biopsy remains the gold standard for diagnosis and evaluating specific histological features such as IFTA, noninvasive methods to assess IFTA would be highly valuable for disease management, especially among patients with absolute or relative contraindications to biopsy.