Macroergonomics Approach for Developing the Next Generation of Safety Culture Maturity Model

A poor safety culture has led to numerous major incidents in the chemical process industry. Empirical evidence proves that sectors with high safety culture maturity (SCM) levels had fewer incidents and accidents. A macroergonomics approach could increase the resilience. This study identifies SCM variables in chemical process-based industries and develops a conceptual framework and model using a macroergonomics approach to achieve organizational resilience. This study will employ a systematic literature review (SLR) approach to conduct an SLR on the Safety Culture Maturity Model (SCMM) research. SLR aims to find measurement variables and models used in previous research. Then, the variables found were classified into five work subsystems: 1) organization, 2) tools and technology, 3) human, 4) job and tasks, and 5) environment. Validation was then proposed by 11 experts using the CVR method to identify relevant variables to measure SCM in chemical process-based industries. Fifteen variables were classified into the organizational subsystem, six were tools and technology subsystem variables, nine were included in the human subsystem variables, five were job task subsystem variables, and six were included in the environment subsystem variables. A six-level safety culture maturity model is presented: Pathological, Reactive, Calculative, Proactive, Generative, and Resilient. This study successfully identified and mapped key variables contributing to SCMM in chemical process-based industries using a macroergonomics approach, resulting in 41 measurement variables. A six-level SCMM can be used to develop measurement tools and improve organizational resilience.