GREEN NANO-COSMETICS: LIPOSOMAL AND NANOEMULSION DELIVERY OF RIDGE GOURD PEEL POLYPHENOLS FOR SKIN HEALTH

The growing demand for safe, effective, and sustainable cosmetic products has accelerated interest in plant-based bioactives and green formulation strategies. Ridge gourd (Luffa acutangula) peel, an underutilized agricultural by-product, is a rich source of polyphenols and antioxidant compounds with promising dermatological benefits. Despite its bioactive potential, its application in cosmetic science remains largely unexplored due to issues related to poor stability and limited skin penetration. The present review highlights the innovative use of ridge gourd peel polyphenols incorporated into nanoemulsion or liposome-based gel systems for anti-acne and anti-aging cosmetic applications. Nano-delivery systems offer enhanced protection of phytoconstituents, improved dermal absorption, and controlled release at targeted skin layers. The polyphenolic fraction exhibits antibacterial activity against acne-causing microorganisms, along with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects that contribute to wrinkle reduction and skin rejuvenation. Combining nano-technology with botanical waste valorization not only improves therapeutic efficacy but also supports sustainability in cosmetic formulation. This approach represents a novel direction in cosmeceutical development, bridging traditional plant knowledge with advanced nanotechnology to create multifunctional and eco-friendly skincare products.