Sparsity of postcritically finite maps of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>ℙ</mml:mi> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> </mml:msup> </mml:math> and beyond: A complex analytic approach
An endomorphism <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> <mml:mo>:</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>ℙ</mml:mi> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> </mml:msup> <mml:mo>→</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>ℙ</mml:mi> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> of degree <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>d</mml:mi> <mml:mo>≥</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> is said to be postcritically finite (or PCF) if its critical set <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Crit</mml:mi> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> is preperiodic, i.e. if there are integers <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>m</mml:mi> <mml:mo>></mml:mo> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mo>≥</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> such that <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> <mml:mi>m</mml:mi> </mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Crit</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>⊆</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> </mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Crit</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> . When <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> <mml:mo>≥</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , it was conjectured in [61] that, in the space <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">End</mml:mi> <mml:mi>d</mml:mi> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> </mml:msubsup> </mml:math> of all endomorphisms of degree <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>d</mml:mi> </mml:math> of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>ℙ</mml:mi> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> </mml:msup> </mml:math> , such endomorphisms are not Zariski dense. We prove this conjecture. Further, in the space <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Poly</mml:mi> <mml:mi>d</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msubsup> </mml:math> of all regular polynomial endomorphisms of degree <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>d</mml:mi> <mml:mo>≥</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> of the affine plane <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>𝔸</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msup> </mml:math> , we construct a dense and Zariski open subset where we have a uniform bound on the number of preperiodic points lying in the critical set. The key object in the article are the complex bifurcation measure and its properties. The proofs are a combination of the theory of heights in arithmetic dynamics and methods from real dynamics to produce open subsets with maximal bifurcation.
Authors
- Johan Taflin
- Thomas Gauthier (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2438-3926)
- Vigny Gabriel
Institutions
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Université Paris-Saclay (FR)
- Laboratoire de Mathématiques d'Orsay (FR)
- Institut de Mathématiques de Bourgogne (FR)
- Université de Picardie Jules Verne (FR)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Publications mathématiques de l IHÉS
- Published
- 2026-01-08
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.5802/pmihes.1
- Primary Topic
- Mathematical Dynamics and Fractals
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00