Experimental and analytical study on the shearing mechanical properties of Camellia oleifera flowers

<bold>Objective</bold> To provide data support for the design of <italic>Camellia oleifera</italic> flower shearing and picking device by analyzing blade thickness，blade angel and shearing speed. <bold>Method</bold> With the <italic>Camellia oleifera</italic> of “Changlin” series as the test object，the material characteristics of <italic>Camellia oleifera</italic> flowers and peduncles，the thickness of the blade，the blade angle and the shearing speed of the blade were analyzed as the test factors，and the shearing mechanics test of the <italic>Camellia oleifera</italic> peduncle was carried out by the texture analyzer.The three-factor three-level orthogonal test was carried out with the thickness of the blade，the blade angle and the shear speed as the test factors，and the shearing force and shearing work as the evaluation indexes.The Design-Expert software was used to optimize the parameters of the test factors and obtain the optimal combination of parameters of each factor. <bold>Result</bold> Under different shearing speed conditions，the “shearing force-displacement” curve of <italic>Camellia oleifera</italic> peduncle was obtained，and the “shearing force-displacement” curve was mainly divided into four stages：I slowly increasing，II.rising，III.fluctuating and IV rapidly decreasing，and the shearing force peak appeared in stage II and III.The results showed that the main and secondary order of the influence of various factors on the shearing force of <italic>Camellia oleifera</italic> peduncle is blade angle，blade thickness and shearing rate.The order of influence on shearing work is blade thickness，blade angle，and shear rate.Comprehensive analysis shows that the optimal combination of parameters is as follows：the blade thickness is 0.5 mm，the blade angle is 30°，the shearing speed is 88.4 mm/min，the shearing force of <italic>Camellia oleifera</italic> picking is 4.6 N，and the shearing power is 11.32 mJ，which is the most suitable for <italic>Camellia oleifera</italic> flower picking. <bold>Conclusion</bold> The results of this study can provide a theoretical basis and data support for the design of key components and R&amp;D of <italic>Camellia oleifera</italic> flower shearing and picking device.