Reduction of radiation dose to the eye lens during common CT examinations of the head, paranasal sinus, and cervical spine in emergency settings: A phantom study

Implementation of the ODM technique resulted in significant eye lens dose reduction (4.28%-47.97%) across head, PNS, and C-spine CT examinations with no significant differences in image noise, SNR, and CNR compared to both fixed tube current and ATCM techniques. ODM demonstrates potential as a practical dose optimization strategy for routine emergency head and neck CT imaging. Further studies with subjective image quality assessment are recommended to evaluate clinical diagnostic acceptability in hospital settings.