Ordering Mixed-Q Topological Magnetism into Lattice via Moire Engineering

Abstract Topological magnetic lattices offer a fertile ground for exploring fundamental physics and developing novel spintronic devices. However, current research is predominantly confined to single-Q topologies hosting uniform type of quasiparticle. Here, Q denotes the real-space topological charge of a spin texture, rather than a reciprocal-space ordering wavevector. The realization of exotic mixed-Q states, where distinct topological quasiparticles coassemble into an ordered lattice, remains largely unexplored. Here, we propose a design principle to order disordered mixed-Q topological magnetism into periodic lattice via moiré engineering. By leveraging the synergy between spatially modulated interlayer coupling and intrinsic intralayer magnetic frustration, we demonstrate that moiré potential can effectively regularize skyrmions, antiskyrmions, and magnetic bubbles into a hybrid lattice. Combining first-principles with atomistic spin simulations, we validate this mechanism in twisted bilayer CrGaTe3, identifying it as an exemplary platform for hosting these complex ordered textures. We systematically map the phase evolution as a function of twist angle and biaxial strain, unveiling the critical role of moiré potential in stabilizing mixed-Q lattice. Our findings significantly advance the frontier of topological and moiré spintronics.