Reaction Kinetics and Mass Transfer of Heterogeneous Nitration of 1-Nitronaphthalene in Microreactors

The kinetics of nitration of 1-nitronaphthalene has not yet been reported. In this work, the process conditions for heterogeneous nitration of 1-nitronaphthalene in a microreactor are explored through visualization methods, and the reaction kinetics and mass and heat transfer characteristics are clarified. Based on the nitration method with mixed acid, the effects of process parameters such as total flow rate, mass fraction of polyethylene glycol 200, molar ratio of nitric acid to 1-nitronaphthalene, sulfuric acid strength, temperature, and residence time on the conversion rate of 1-nitronaphthalene and the selectivity of 1,5-dinitronaphthalene and 1,8-dinitronaphthalene are studied. Subsequently, a kinetic model for the nitration of 1-nitronaphthalene with mixed acid is established, and the pseudohomogeneous assumption is verified based on mass transfer characteristics. Finally, a safety analysis is conducted on the nitration of 1-nitronaphthalene with mixed acid based on its heat transfer characteristics, and the maximum temperature rise during the reaction process is less than 3.1 K.