Innovating transfusion training: a BOPPPS-based blended learning model to enhance nursing interns’ specialized competency

The BOPPPS-based blended specialty training model effectively ameliorates key shortcomings in traditional nursing internship education by significantly enhancing nursing interns' theoretical mastery of transfusion and self-directed learning capabilities. The high engagement and learning motivation observed in this study support the model as a structured, replicable, and complementary educational strategy for the conventional rotational internship. Integrating this standardized training model can help address the lack of formalized procedural skill training for high-risk clinical practices, thereby promoting consistent and high-quality clinical competency development among nursing interns.